Conventional quantum algorithms are not feasible for solving combinatorial optimization problems (COPs) with constraints in the operation time of quantum computers. To address this issue, researchers ...

The goal of a numerical optimization problem is to find a vector of values that minimizes some cost function. The most fundamental example is minimizing the Sphere Function f(x0, x1, .. xn) = x0^2 + ...

Determining the least expensive path for a new subway line underneath a metropolis like New York City is a colossal planning challenge—involving thousands of potential routes through hundreds of city ...